Th
Thorium
Z 90 232.038 g/molActinide Radioactive
Nucleus
90 Protons
142 Neutrons
90 Electrons (4 Valence)
Shell distribution: K2 • L8 • M18 • N32 • O18 • P10 • Q2
Electron Configuration
Energy
7p
6d
5f
7s
6p
5d
4f
6s
5p
4d
5s
4p
3d
4s
3p
3s
2p
2s
1s
[Rn]6d27s2
Radii
Empirical
180 pm1.8 Å
Calculated
---
Covalent
206±6 pm2.06±0.06 Å
van Der Waals
237 pm2.37 Å
Oxidation States
CommonRare
-1
0
+1
+2
+3
+4
Crystal Structure
Use the arrow keys to rotate, hold Shift with the left and right arrows to roll, and press Home to reset the view.
Face-centered Cubic